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This study focused is on the root causes of conflict in South Asia that have created the environment in the region which is destroying the peace and arousing the conflicts in the neighboring states viz. India and Pakistan, which nurtures insurgency. The causes of this menace can be traced in the decisions, made by the British Empire in the 19th and 20th centuries, to prolong her rule in the Indian subcontinent. It is a historical fact that due to the unjust partition of India in 1947 by the British, India and Pakistan has remained locked in an ever prevailing conflict over Kashmir. The issue is proving fatal for the peace of the region and also a source of piling of arms for India and Pakistan. Both the states have indulged in arm race and in a competition to have the influence over Afghanistan. This problem is also hurting the relations of two nuclear states in the region. India and Pakistan has fought three wars and many proxy wars to prove their strength but the issue is still there. Peace talks are also started by the different governments including composite dialogue in the recent years and different diplomatic missions also rendered their services to normalize the ties but the situation is going bad to worst. On the other hand, terrorism aroused by this conflict impacted the international community in the form of terrorist threat posed by different terrorist organizations i.e. Al Qaeda etc. Although, currently, a Taliban government is operating in Afghanistan since 2022 but still terrorists are thought to have their roots in Afghanistan. Unless the resolution of Kashmir conflict between India and Pakistan, the terrorism problem will remain a potential threat for South Asia and rest of the world. Therefore, it is urgency that UN and US policy should focus for resolution of India-Pakistan conflicts.

Keywords: Terrorism, South Asia, Conflicts, Relations, Pakistan, India.