The primary concern of this paper is to understand the engineering properties of the locally expansive soils found in Jerash city when treated by locally available stone cutting powder waste AL-Khamkha. The properties of soil such as liquid limit, plastic limit, plastic index and free swelling index were assessed for addition of AL-Khamkha by proportions of 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 40% by weigh of dry expansive soil. The soil used in this study is classified as clay of high plasticity, i.e., CH soil. From the analysis of results, it is found that as AL-Khamkha content increases from 0% to 40% the plasticity index and free swell index are decreasing and this is what the structural engineers are preferred when treating expansive soils. For achieving stable soil with zero swelling index, the addition of 40% AL-Khamkha can be recommended.

Keywords: Clay Soil, Expansive Soil, Atterberg Limits, Free Swelling, AL-Khamkha.

To introduce our experience of three different retroperitoneoscopic surgical method for renal pedicle lymphatic disconnection (RRPLD), and to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients treated with different methods. Clinical data of 141 patients (56 males and 85 females) with chyluria who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from 2013-04 to 2018-11 were collected. 34 cases, 64 cases and 43 cases were treated with traditional, modified and simplified retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal pedicle lymphatic ligation respectively. Data of all groups were analyzed by SPSS17.0 software. The data were expressed as (x ± s). One-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between groups, with P < 0.05 as the difference. The differences of operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, bed rest time after operation, bowel recovery time, hospital stay after operation, recurrence rate of follow-up and VAS were compared. All patients underwent surgery successfully. In the aspects of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative bowel recovery, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative pain score (VAS), the simplified procedure was superior to the traditional and modified surgery, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in the three groups between surgical complications and recurrence rates. Compared with traditional and modified procedures, simplified retroperitoneoscopic renal pedicle lymphatic ligation can achieve the same clinical treatment effect in the treatment of chyluria. Simplified operation is a feasible and effective surgical method. The surgical procedure is simpler, with the advantages of short operation time, less intraoperative blood loss, quick recovery after operation, etc. It is easy to grasp and has the promotion value.

Keywords: Chyluria, Retroperitoneoscopic, Renal Pedicle Lymphatic Ligation, Simplified Surgery.